ANALYSIS OF PROFITABILITY, COSTS, AND CUSTOMERS AT PT MIDI UTAMA INDONESIA TBK

Abstract

Profitability analysis is an important aspect of management accounting as it provides an overview of a company’s ability to control costs, generate profits, and obtain contributions from customers. This study aims to analyze the profitability of PT Midi Utama Indonesia Tbk based on cost, profit, and customer aspects during the 2021–2025 period. The method used is descriptive quantitative analysis using the company’s financial statement data and sales contribution data based on customer groups. Cost profitability analysis is conducted using the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) ratio, operating expense ratio, and Gross Profit Margin (GPM). Profit profitability is analyzed using GPM, Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE), while customer analysis is conducted by comparing sales contributions from members and non-members and estimating gross profit based on the proportion of sales. The results show that the COGS ratio decreased from 74.81% in 2021 to 73.86% in 2025, while the operating expense ratio stood at 22.44% in 2025. In terms of profitability, NPM and ROA reached their highest levels in 2025, at 3.74% and 8.46%, respectively. The sales contribution from members also increased from 29.41% in 2021 to 45.20% in 2025, while the contribution from non-members decreased from 70.59% to 54.80%. However, the estimated customer profitability cannot yet represent actual profitability because the company does not disclose service costs specifically by customer group. Overall, the analysis of costs, profits, and customers provides a more comprehensive overview of the profitability condition of PT Midi Utama Indonesia Tbk during the research period.